本文采用苹果属过敏原蛋白的mal d 4.02基因,桃属微卫星标记MA023a分别作为苹果汁和桃汁特异性引物,并以植物高度保守的叶绿体AccD基因作为内标物,利用PCR检测方法对两种果汁进行种属鉴定。结果表明,特异性PCR检测方法可以准确的对苹果和桃产品进行种属鉴定,苹果、桃属特异性PCR检测方法的最低检测限分别为5、10ng/μL,此方法能快速、准确对苹果汁和桃汁种类进行定性鉴定和掺假检测。
This study aimed to explore the main factors influencing the extraction of anthocyanins from strawberry, such as solid-liquid ratio, concentration of solvent, duration of ultrasonic treatment and ultrasonic power. According to the results of sin-gle factor test, an orthogonal experiment was designed to determine the optimum extraction conditions. The effects of the four factors on anthocyanins extraction from strawberry were listed here in an decreasing order： ethanol concentration 〉 solid-liq-uid ratio〉duration of ultrasonic treatment〉ultrasonic power. And the optimal condi-tions of ultrasonic extraction of anthocyanins from strawberry were： ultrasonic treat-ment of 30 min, solid-liquid ratio of 1：15, ethanol concentration of 60% and ultra-sonic power of 300 W. Under such conditions, the content of extracted antho-cyanins was 33.247 mg/100g, which was 1.3 folds higher than that by extraction without ultrasonic treatment.
Advanced glycation end-products （AGEs） are products of non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, lipids or nucleic acids and other macromolecules. To be spe- cific, Nε-（carboxymethyl）-Iysine （CML） is one of the most important components of AGEs, which is wildly distributed in the body and can be formed in vivo or in food processing and heating processes. Previous studies have shown that CML is a ma- jor immunological epitope in AGEs and plays an important role in diabetes and its complications, as well as in the development and progression of aging. This review summarized recent advances in major source, toxicological hazard and control mea- sures of CML.
