生理节律显著影响人类的心理活动和行为反应,从而导致饮食决策在昼夜周期中发生变化。以往研究普遍表明,人们在晚间更倾向于选择不健康食物,对健康食物的选择频率则降低。然而,现有研究多从单一视角出发,未能全面揭示相关影响因素及其背后的机制。文章结合同步效应理论、自我控制资源有限理论以及饮食行为目标冲突理论,系统分析昼夜时间如何影响健康饮食决策,并重点探讨认知水平、自我控制及食物渴望等因素的综合作用。未来研究可借助计算建模、监测被试饥饿状态以及采用认知神经科学的技术等方法,深入解析昼夜时间对健康饮食决策的复杂机制。Circadian rhythms significantly influence human psychological activities and behavioral responses, resulting in shifts in dietary decisions with time-of-day. Previous studies have generally shown that people tend to choose unhealthy foods more often in the evening, while the frequency of selecting healthy foods decreases. However, existing research often adopts a single perspective, failing to fully elucidate the influencing factors and underlying mechanisms. This article integrates the synchrony effect theory, the theory of limited self-control resources, and the goal conflict theory of eating behavior to systematically analyze how time-of-day influences healthy eating decisions, with a particular focus on the combined effects of cognitive level, self-control, and food craving. Future research can utilize computational modeling, monitor participants’ hunger states, and apply cognitive neuroscience techniques to further explore the complex mechanisms by which time-of-day influences food decision-making.
