A solvothermal method has been successfully used to prepare nanostructured hydroxyapatite （HA） hollow spheres with average diameters of about 500 nm and shell thicknesses of about 100 nm in a glycerin/water mixed solvent. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and field-emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） images show that the shells of the HA hollow spheres are actually composed of nanosheets with thicknesses of about 10 nm. By tuning the glycerin/water volume ratio, two other kinds of HA solid spheres with average diameters of about 6 or 20 pm were assembled from nanoflakes. The properties of the different kinds of spheres as drug delivery carriers were evaluated. Ibuprofen （IBU） was chosen as the model drug to load into the HA samples. The nanostructured HA samples showed a slow and sustained release of IBU. The HA hollow spheres exhibited a higher drug loading capacity and more favorable release properties than the HA solid spheres and thus are very promising for controlled drug release applications.
自制直径为90nm、长为500nm的β-FeOOH纳米棒为前驱物,通过碳热还原法和热分解法分别制备出形貌均匀、粒径为300nm的LiFePO4/C正极材料和粒径为100nm的Fe2O3负极材料,并研究它们对金属锂组成半电池和构造LiFePO4/C vs.Fe2O3全电池的电化学性能。结果表明:LiFePO4/C半电池在0.1C、0.5C、1.0C、5.0C、10.0C和15.0C(1C=170 mA g–1)倍率下放电比容量分别为158.8、153.2、144.3、126.8、111.0 mA h g–1和92.9mA h g–1。经过不同倍率循环后,返回0.1 C放电比容量为157.5mA h g–1,为初始0.1 C放电比容量的99.2%。Fe2O3半电池在50mA g–1电流密度下首次放电比容量为1655.5mA h g–1,循环50次后,仍保持460mA h g–1的放电比容量。LiFePO4/C vs.Fe2O3全电池在0.1 C倍率下,相对于LiFePO4活性物质,首次放电比容量为148.7mA h g–1;相对于Fe2O3活性物质,首次放电比容量为441.7mA h g–1。由LiFePO4/C纳米粒子作为正极材料、Fe2O3纳米粒子作为负极材料组成的全电池在0.1 C到2.0 C不同倍率下均表现出了良好的循环性能,且返回0.1 C后其放电比容量相对于初始0.1 C放电比容量无衰减。可见,以β-FeOOH纳米棒为前驱物控制制备的LiFePO4/C正极纳米材料和Fe2O3负极纳米材料可以有效地提升电池的性能。
