Collapses of transmission towers were often observed in previous large earthquakes such as the Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan and Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan,China. These collapses were partially caused by the pulling forces from the transmission lines generated from out-of-phase responses of the adjacent towers owing to spatially varying earthquake ground motions. In this paper,a 3D finite element model of the transmission tower-line system is established considering the geometric nonlinearity of transmission lines. The nonlinear responses of the structural system at a canyon site are analyzed subjected to spatially varying ground motions. The spatial variations of ground motion associated with the wave passage,coherency loss,and local site effects are given. The spatially varying ground motions are simulated stochastically based on an empirical coherency loss function and a filtered Tajimi-Kanai power spectral density function. The site effect is considered by a transfer function derived from 1D wave propagation theory. Compared with structural responses calculated using the uniform ground motion and delayed excitations,numerical results indicate that seismic responses of transmission towers and power lines are amplified when considering spatially varying ground motions including site effects. Each factor of ground motion spatial variations has a significant effect on the seismic response of the structure,especially for the local site effect. Therefore,neglecting the earthquake ground motion spatial variations may lead to a substantial underestimation of the response of transmission tower-line system during strong earthquakes. Each effect of ground motion spatial variations should be incorporated in seismic analysis of the structural system.
基于虚拟仪器技术建立了一套结构健康监测系统,介绍了各子系统的功能、特点和实现方法。建立了基于LabVIEW平台的数据采集系统,实现了光纤光栅传感器与传统电力式传感器的同时测量,通过LabVIEW和MATLAB混合编程实现了小波消噪和结构的损伤诊断,研究了LabVIEW与SQL Server 2000相结合的数据库开发技术。以一个二层的钢框架结构为例对系统进行了测试,结果表明系统运行稳定,损伤识别准确有效。
