【目的】近年来水稻纹枯病的危害不断加重,在一些地区已成为水稻最严重的病害,严重威胁到中国水稻的产量和品质。由于引起水稻纹枯病的立枯丝核菌具有强腐生性和广寄主范围的特性,利用传统方法至今尚未筛选到高抗的资源品种。为了找到与抗性相关的基因和为抗性研究及抗病育种提供帮助。【方法】本研究在苗期和成株期接种抗病性不同的4 个水稻品种,利用qPCR 方法研究了在2 个生育期接种纹枯病菌后24 h 和48 h 水稻免疫相关基因的表达量变化。【结果】初步明确WARK71 和WARK53 是介导水稻纹枯病抗性的关键基因,可作为抗性相关的标记基因。【结论】水稻与纹枯病菌的互作中可能存在受水稻发育时期调控的开关基因。进一步系统分析水稻对纹枯病菌的抗性组分可为抗性基因的合理利用、水稻抗病品种的培育和预防纹枯病研究提供理论基础。
[ Objectives] As a traditional inoculation method of rice sheath blight, rice relative lesion height method needs rice grow to late tillering or heading stage and then inoculate in vivo, which is time-consuming and is difficult to control the testing conditions, so it is urgent to search a better alternative method. [ Methods] With rice relative lesion height method （ in vivo inoculation） as the control, the pathogenicity and crude toxin activity of Rhizoctonia solani were determined by rice detached leaf sheath method and rice detached leaf method, to compare the correlation of in vivo and in vitro inoculation. [Results] Rice detached leaf method and rice detached leaf sheath method had significantly positive correlation with rice relative lesion height method, and the determination results of rice detached leaf method and rice detached leaf sheath method could reflect the pathogenicity and crude toxin activity of R. solani accurately. [ Conclusions] Rice detached leaf method and rice detached leaf sheath method are easy to operate and control testing conditions, and could be used as alternative methods to determine pathogenicity and etude toxin activity of R. solani.
