Extinction theorem was used to deduce the first order scattering cross-section including the double scattering effects for the fluid-fluid rough surface.If the dou- ble scattering effects are neglected in the present method,the scattering cross-section agrees with the result obtained by the perturbation method based on Rayleigh hypothesis.Calculations of scattering strength were carried out,and comparisons with the first-order perturbation method based on Rayleigh hypothe- sis were also done.The results show that double scattering effects are obvious with the increase of the root mean square of surface height and the grazing angle when the valid condition k1h<1 is satisfied.
By taking into consideration the effects of ocean surface wave-induced Stokes drift velocity Un, and current velocity Uc on the drag coefficient, the spatial distributions of drag coefficient and wind stress in 2004 are computed over the tropical and northern Pacific using an empirical drag coefficient parameterization formula based on wave steepness and wind speed. The global ocean current field is generated from the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model （HYCOM） and the wave data are generated from Wavewatch Ill （WW3）. The spatial variability of the drag coefficient and wind stress is analyzed. Preliminary results indicate that the ocean surface Stokes drift velocity and current velocity exert an important influence on the wind stress. The results also show that consideration of the effects of the ocean surface Stokes drift velocity and current velocity on the wind stress can significantly improve the modeling of ocean circulation and air-sea interaction processes.
