Based on the principal component analysis, principal components that have major influence on data variance are determined by the energy percentage method according to the correlation between monitoring effects. Then principal components are extracted through reconstructing multi effects. Moreover, combining with the optimal estimation theory, the method of singular value diagnosis in dam safety monitoring effect values is proposed. After dam monitoring information matrix is obtained, single effect state estimation matrix and multi effect fusion estimation matrix are constructed to make diagnosis on singular values to reduce false alarm rate. And the diagnosis index is calculated by PCA. These methods have already been applied to an actual project and the result shows the ability of the monitoring effect reflecting dam evolution behavior is improved as dam safety monitoring effect fusion estimation can take accurate identification on singular values and achieve data reduction, filter out noise and lower false alarm rate effectively.
Given the limitation of traditional univariate analysis method in processing the multicollinearity of dam monitoring data,this paper reconstructs the multivariate response variables by introducing principal component analysis(PCA) method,explores the ways of determining principal components(PCs),and extracts a few PCs that have major influence on data variance.For steady observation series,a control field for the whole observation values has been established based upon PCA;for unsteady observation series that have significant tendency,a control field for the future observation values has been constructed according to PC statistical predication model.These methods have already been applied to an actual project and the results showed that data interpretation method with PCA can not only realize data reduction,lower data redundancy,and reduce noise and false alarm rate,but also be effective to data analysis,having a broad application prospect.
YU Hong1,2,WU ZhongRu1,2,BAO TengFei1,2 & ZHANG Lan1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China
A method of the fuzzy cross-correlation factor exponent in dynamics is researched and proposed to diagnose abnormality of cracks in the concrete dam. Moreover, the Logistic time series changing from period-doubling bifurcation to chaos is tested first using this method. Results indicate that it can distinguish inherent dynamics of time series and can detect mutations. Considering that cracks in the concrete dam constitute an open, dissipative and complex nonlinear dynamical system, a typical crack on the downstream face of a concrete gravity arch dam is analyzed with the proposed method. Two distinct mutations are discovered to indicate that the abnormality diagnosis of cracks in the concrete dam is achieved dynamically through this method. Furthermore, because it can be directly utilized in the measured crack opening displacement series to complete abnormality diagnosis, it has a good prospect for practical applications.
In view of some courses of the time-varying characteristics processing in the analysis of dam deformation,the paper proposes a new method to analyze the dam time-varying characteristic based on the empirical mode decomposition and phase space reconstruction theory.First of all,to reduce the influences on the traditional statistical model from human factors and assure the analysis accuracy,response variables of the time-varying characteristic are obtained by the way of the empirical mode decomposition;and then,a phase plane of those variables is reconstructed to investigate their processing rules.These methods have already been applied to an actual project and the results showed that data interpretation with the assists of empirical mode decomposition and phase space reconstruction is effective in analyzing the perturbations of response variables,explicit in reflecting the entire development process,and valid for obtaining the evolution rules of the time-varying characteristic.This methodology is a powerful technical support for people to further master the rules of dam operation.
ZHANG ZhiJun1,2,3,GU ChongShi1,2,BAO TengFei1,2,ZHANG Lan1,2 & YU Hong1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China
Subcritical propagation of cracks is a warning sign of fracture.If such propagation is detected at an early stage,timely maintenance measures can be taken to prevent the failure of structures.To detect the subcritical propagation of a crack,the crack needs to be monitored continuously in a long term, which is not realistic under certain conditions.However,cracks in concrete dams can be monitored continuously by dam monitoring to offer possible detection for subcritical propagation.In this paper, with measured crack openings from dam monitoring,a state equation for characterizing crack development is established based on the grey system theory.The relation between the stability of the equation and the subcritical crack propagation is investigated,then a criterion is proposed for detecting subcritical propagation.An example demonstrates the validity of the criterion and its potential for practical application.
BAO TengFei1 ,2&YU Hong 1,2 1College of Water Conservancy&Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China
