Recently,our research group proposed the phase separation condenser tube,in which a mesh cylinder was inserted to form the flow structure of‘‘gas near the tube wall and liquid in the tube core’’,significantly enhance the condensation heat transfer.But the bubble leakage towards the core region may worsen the heat transfer enhancement.In order to prevent the bubble leakage,the critical criterion was proposed based on the Young–Laplace equation,considering the inertia force,viscous force and pulsating flow.It was found that the critical criterion depends on the dimensionless parameter G*,the We number and a coefficient C.The numerical model was developed in terms of the volume of fluid method to predict the two-phase laminar flow in the phase separation condenser tube.The results show that the bubble leakage takes place at the bubble tip,which is agreed with the experimental observations.The critical curve distinguishing the non-bubble-breaking and bubble-breaking was obtained by comparing the bubble dynamics at different G*and We.The coefficient C was determined.The critical criterion for the bubble leakage is given as G We0:22We0:99349 G4:7 103 We0:00651t196:39We0:006514cosa DHW,providing the design and operation guidance for the phase separation condenser tube.
Renewable energy or low grade energy utilizations need high performance of phase change heat exchangers. Suspending micromembrane cylinder in tube(called modulated heat transfer tube) increases the void fractions or vapor qualities near the tube wall to significantly enhance heat transfer. The R123 condensation heat transfer with horizontal position was investigated. The results for the bare tube and modulated heat transfer tube were tested case by case. It is found that the modulated heat transfer tube significantly enhance the condensation heat transfer, with the heat transfer enhancement factors(EF)covering the range of 1.118–2.124. The comprehensive performance evaluation criteria(PEC) had the range of0.71–1.66, with most of runs behaving PEC larger than 1.0.For the two-phase outlet conditions, the EF values are increased with increases in the vapor mass fluxes, Gxin,where G is the mass flux and xinis the inlet vapor mass quality. The EF values are inversely related to Gxinfor the subcooled liquid outlet cases. The enhanced heat transfer mechanisms are analyzed with the observed images together with the discussion of pressure and velocity distributions.
有机朗肯循环是利用低品位余热的关键技术之一,在一定程度上可有效缓解能源危机。相比于传统的纯工质,混合工质因其在换热器中具有温度滑移特性,可以更好地与热源进行耦合。因此选用混合工质可以使机组的效率得到更进一步的提升。通过采用二次迭代的方法,热源温度为120℃时,理论分析了以R245fa为参考的6种混合工质对,其混合比例对系统输出功与效率的影响。结果表明:工质吸热量一定的情况下,系统采取混合工质可以获得比纯工质更高的输出功、热效率。当吸热量为197.29 k W时,以纯R245fa为工质的系统最大输出功与热效率分别为11.98 k W与6.07%。存在最佳混合工质对R113/R245fa(质量分数0.7∶0.3),相比于纯工质R245fa,输出功与热效率分别提高了22.87%和22.89%。同时发现,无量纲积分温差ΔT~*与系统净输出功、热效率之间存在反比关系。当工质为R113/R245fa(质量分数0.7∶0.3)时,在最大净输出功工况下,6种混合工质对下的最小值ΔT~*为0.233。
