Prescribed fire has now become the usual management practice in the Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata （Lamb.） Hook.） plantation in southern China. Heat generated during fire may affect carbon （C） dynam- ics in soils. We investigated the microbial biomass C （MBC） and microbial respiration in two Chinese fir forest soils （one is not exposed to fire for the past 88 years, and the other is recently exposed to prescribed fire） after soil heating （100 and 200 ℃） under three moisture regimes [25, 50 and 75 % of water holding capacity （WHC）]. For both soils, significant reduction in MBC with increasing heating temperature was found. Soils without exposing to fire previously had significantly greater MBC concentra- tion than the fire-exposed soils when heated at 100 or 200 ℃. Lower soil water content resulted in higher MBC concentrations in both soils. In contrast, both soils had the highest soil microbial respiration rate at 50 % WHC. Soils without exposing to fire previously had the greatest microbial respiration rates at 200 ℃, while the fire-ex- posed soils when heated at 100 ℃ had greatest microbialrespiration rates. During 14-days post-heat incubation, soil MBC in both soils was greatest after heating at 200 ℃ and 25 % WHC. However, soil previously exposed to fire had the lowest CO2 evolution when incubated at 25 % WHC.
Jianfen GuoGuangshui ChenJinsheng XieZhijie YangYusheng Yang
氮沉降对土壤微生物的扰动可能会影响土壤的养分循环,然而关于中亚热带天然林土壤微生物及酶活性对氮沉降的响应鲜有报道。通过3 a的氮沉降模拟实验,研究中亚热带米槠天然林土壤的理化性质、土壤微生物量及土壤酶活性的响应。结果表明:氮沉降并未引起土壤的有机碳和总氮显著性变化;高氮(80 kg N hm^(-2)a^(-1))处理下,土壤p H下降,出现酸化现象;低氮(40 kg N hm^(-2)a^(-1))处理促进淋溶层(A层)中土壤纤维素分解酶(β-葡萄糖苷酶和纤维素水解酶)和木质素分解酶(多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶)活性升高,同时促进土壤微生物生物量碳、氮的积累。冗余分析(RDA)表示,可溶性有机碳(DOC)是驱动A层土壤酶活性的重要环境因子;而在淀积层(B层),这4种酶活性并未发生显著性差异。施氮处理后,A、B层中土壤的酸性磷酸酶活性增加(P<0.05)。研究表明:低水平氮沉降增加了土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量以及土壤有机碳分解相关酶活性,从而加速了土壤碳周转;这为未来氮沉降增长背景下,探索中亚热带天然林土壤碳源汇问题提供了依据。
