采用乙醚注入法制备胡桃醌脂质体,在单因素试验基础上,以膜材比、脂药比、注入速度为影响因素,包封率为响应值,利用Box-Behnken试验设计原理,采用3因素3水平的响应面分析法,对胡桃醌脂质体制备工艺进行优化。胡桃醌脂质体的最佳制备条件为膜材质量比4.86∶1.00,脂药质量比10.92∶1.00,注入速度1.52 m L·min-1,采用最佳条件制备的胡桃醌脂质体包封率较高,验证实验测得胡桃醌脂质体的包封率为79.80%,与模型预测值相对误差为0.033%,重现性好。
The Nd-doped TiO2 thin films with higher hydrophilic and photocatalytic activities were prepared on glass slides by an acid-catalyzed sol？gel method. The effects of Nd doping on crystalline phase, surface composition and optical property were investigated by means of techniques such as X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, optical contact angle tester and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results show that Nd doping obviously influences the hydrophilic and photocatalytic activities of TiO2thin films. Nd doping could cause the TiO2 lattice distortion, inhibit phase transition from anatase to rutile, cause red shift of the absorption spectrum edge, produce hydroxyl radicals （·OH）, and accelerate surface hydroxylation, which result in a significant improvement in the hydrophilicity and photoreactivity of Nd-doped TiO2 thin films. When the content of Nd is 0.1% （mass fraction）, TiO2 thin films achieve the smallest grain size （about 15 nm）, and the hydrophilic and photocatalytic activities of TiO2 thin film reach the maximum, the contact angle is only 8.1°, and 92% of methylene blue is finally degraded. Moreover, the modification mechanism of Nd doping was also discussed.
Rare earth（Y, La and Nd） doped TiO2 thin films were prepared on glass slides by sol-gel method. The photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue in aqueous solution was used as a probe reaction to evaluate their photocatalytic activities. The effects of hydroxyl groups on hydrophilic and photocatalytic activities were investigated by means of techniques such as X-ray diffraction（XRD）, atomic force microscopy（AFM）, Fourier transform infrared（FTIR）, optical contact angle, UV-Visible spectroscopy and VIS spectroscopy. The results showed that an appropriate doping of rare earth could cause the TiO2 lattice distortion, inhibited phase transition from anatase to rutile, accelerated surface hydroxylation and produced more hydroxyl groups, which resulted in a denser surface and smaller grains（40–60 nm）, and a significant improvement in the hydrophilicity and photoreactivity of TiO2 thin films. The optimal content of rare earth was between 0.1 wt.% and 0.3 wt.%. Moreover, the modification mechanism of rare earth doping was also discussed.
Pure and La-doped TiO2 thin films were prepared on glass by sol-gel method using tetrabutyl titanate as Ti precursors. Their chemical composition, structure and properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR）, UV-Visible spectrophotometer and optical contact angle measuring instrument, respectively. The results showed that the content of La was the key factor for hydrophilic and photocatalytic activity. LaTiO3 could be formed in La-doped TiO2 thin films, which caused the TiO2 lattice distortion and restrained the transition from anatase to rutile. By adding 0.3 wt.% La to the TiO2 thin films, the optimal hydrophilic character could be obtained and the contact angle was only 9.6~. La-doped TiO~ thin films could ex- pand the wavelength response range of TiO2, and thus increase the speed of the photocatalytic reaction. 92.02% of methylene blue was finally degraded when the concentration of La was 0.3 wt.%. The expressions of ln（CAo/CA） as functions of photocatalytic time were deduced which were well consistent with the experimental results.
