随着全球人口老龄化进程的加快和人们健康美容意识的提升,如何有效预防和延缓皮肤衰老已成为备受关注的研究课题。皮肤衰老是一个受内、外源性因素综合影响的复杂过程,包括年龄增长、紫外线辐射和不良生活方式等,其主要表现为皮肤松弛、皱纹增多和色素沉着。近年来,中药皂苷类化合物有着多方面的生理活性,在改善皮肤衰老方面的功效逐渐得到关注。研究表明,这类化合物能够通过调控氧化应激、抑制炎症反应、减少基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)异常表达等分子机制,有效延缓皮肤衰老进程。本文对影响皮肤衰老的因素和皮肤衰老的分子机制进行综述,并总结了中药皂苷类化合物的抗皮肤衰老作用,旨在为相关研究和抗衰老产品的开发提供理论支持和新思路。With the accelerating global aging population and the growing awareness of health and beauty, how to effectively prevent and delay skin aging has become a highly focused research topic. Skin aging is a complex process influenced by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including aging, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and unhealthy lifestyles. It is primarily characterized by skin laxity, increased wrinkles, and pigmentation. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) saponins have gained attention for their multiple physiological activities, including their potential to improve skin aging. Studies have shown that these compounds can effectively delay the progression of skin aging through molecular mechanisms such as regulating oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammatory responses, and reducing the abnormal expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This paper reviews the factors influencing skin aging and the molecular mechanisms behind it while summarizing the anti-skin-aging effects of TCM saponins. The aim is to provide theoretical support and new perspectives for related research and the development of anti-aging products.
