水面光伏作为新兴清洁能源的代表,充分利用光能资源的同时,减少土地占用,备受人们关注。基于国内外水面光伏对水体生态环境影响的研究,分析其对局地微气候、水质、水生生物及水体生态系统功能方面的影响。光伏布设导致水面粗糙度增加,近水体表面气流会受到不同的影响,减少水面的风切变,降低风速和改变风向;水面光伏改变原有的下垫面形态,打破水面辐射平衡过程,使局部气温在光伏区域白天增加,晚上下降,湿度则相反。上述变化引起局地微气候、水体的热量分布和气体交换的改变,导致在不同环境下水温变化不一,进一步影响水体的理化特性,如溶解氧含量和营养盐浓度等,从而影响到水生生物的生存和繁殖。As a representative of emerging clean energy, Floating photovoltaics (FPV) has attracted much attention for fully utilizing light energy resources and reducing land occupation. Based on domestic and international studies of the FPV on the ecological environment of water bodies, the effects of local microclimate, water quality, aquatic organisms and water ecosystem functions were analyzed. The layout of photovoltaic increases the roughness of the water surface, which affects the airflow near the water. This difference results in less wind shear over the water, resulting in lower wind speeds and different wind directions. In addition, surface photovoltaic also changed the original underlying surface morphology, breaking the radiation balance of the water surface, thereby changing the local microclimate. Specifically, the local air temperature in FPV area increases during the day and decreases at night, while the humidity shows the opposite trend. These changes affect the heat distribution and gas exchange of the water body, leading to different water temperature changes in varying environments. And the physicochemical properties such as dissolved oxygen content and nutrient concentration are further affected, ulti
