围术期(Perioperation period)是围绕手术的全过程,在此期间对病人的准备和护理需要格外关注,防止出现不良事件造成患者生病危险。在围术期不良事件中,围术期呼吸系统并发症占比较高,术后肺部并发症是影响手术患者术后转归的主要因素之一。随着科技的发展,麻醉方式的变化可以有效减少患者在围手术期发生呼吸系统并发症的几率,麻醉技术的进步对围术期患者的术后肺部并发症的防治也取得了良好进展。但目前的治疗方法与措施依旧存在争议。本文拟对围术期呼吸系统的并发症研究进展进行简单综述,就患者的围术期麻醉方式及围手术期对并发症的防治措施进行讨论,为临床治疗所需数据提供依据。The perioperative period encompasses the entire process around surgery, during which special attention is required for patient preparation and care to prevent adverse events that could lead to increased patient risk. Among perioperative adverse events, perioperative respiratory complications have a relatively high incidence, with postoperative pulmonary complications being one of the main factors affecting the outcome of surgical patients. With the advancement of technology, changes in anesthesia methods can effectively reduce the likelihood of respiratory complications occurring during the perioperative period, and progress in anesthesia techniques has also achieved good results in the prevention and treatment of postoperative pulmonary complications in perioperative patients. However, current treatment methods and measures remain controversial. This article aims to provide a brief review of the research progress on perioperative respiratory complications, discussing the anesthesia methods for patients during the perioperative period and the preventive and treatment measures for complications, in order to provide data for clinical treatment needs.
