当牙齿缺失时,种植体被认为是牙齿替换的高质量解决方案。上颌骨后牙长期缺失往往会导致上颌窦气化和牙槽嵴吸收,上颌后牙区磨牙缺失的患者往往牙槽骨量和质量不足,导致种植体支持的修复剩余牙槽骨高度(RBH)不足,使得种植牙的植入具有挑战性。获得骨增量最常见的手术方式有:上颌窦底提升术、引导骨再生术、植骨术、牙槽嵴扩大术、牙槽牵张成骨术等。上颌骨后部的种植体骨支持往往较差。这种情况可以采用上颌窦底提升术进行治疗。上颌窦底提升术联合骨增量材料的临床技术在骨量不足的病例中已大量应用和研究。因此,上颌窦底提升术后新骨形成的机制及影响因素的研究对于临床术式的选择及种植的远期成功具有重要意义。When teeth are missing, implants are considered be a high-quality solution for tooth replacement. Long-term loss of posterior maxillary teeth often leads to maxillary sinus pneumatization and alveolar ridge resorption. Patients with missing molar teeth in the posterior maxillary region often have insufficient alveolar bone volume and quality, resulting in insufficient restorative remaining alveolar bone height (RBH) for implant support, making dental implant placement challenging. The most common surgical procedures to obtain bone augmentation are maxillary sinus floor lift, guided bone regeneration, bone grafting, alveolar ridge expansion, and alveolar distraction osteogenesis. Bone support for implants in the posterior maxilla is often poor. This condition can be treated with maxillary sinus floor lift. The clinical technique of maxillary sinus floor elevation combined with bone augmentation materials has been used and studied extensively in cases of insufficient bone mass. Therefore, the study of the mechanism of new bone formation after maxillary sinus floor elevation and the factors affecting it are of great importance for the choice of clinical procedure and the long-term suc
